Geopolitical contest between India and China over Buddhism in the Himalayas
The article highlights a growing geopolitical contest between India and China over Buddhism, particularly in the Himalayan region. China views Buddhism as a tool of statecraft, aiming to dominate Tibetan religious life by controlling reincarnations and promoting its version of Buddhist diplomacy. India, traditionally hosting the Dalai Lama, has recently begun to engage more strategically with Buddhism as a tool of influence, promoting its heritage and funding pilgrimage circuits. The looming succession of the 14th Dalai Lama, with China vowing to appoint its own, is a critical point that could reshape geopolitical allegiances in regions like Ladakh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Nepal, and Bhutan, making soft power a hard power.
Key Points
- A significant geopolitical contest is unfolding between India and China over the influence of Buddhism in the Himalayas.
- China uses Buddhism as a tool of statecraft, controlling religious institutions and the process of reincarnation, particularly for "Living Buddhas."
- India is increasingly engaging with Buddhism as a strategic tool, promoting its heritage and funding pilgrimage circuits.
- The succession of the 14th Dalai Lama is a critical issue, with China planning to appoint its own successor, potentially leading to rival Dalai Lamas and shifting regional loyalties.
- The conflict is not just about dogma but about defining legitimacy and shaping loyalties in border populations, making soft power a crucial aspect of national security.
Exam Facts
- The 14th Dalai Lama is expected to turn 90 in July.
- China formally asserted state sanction for "Living Buddha" in 2007.
- India has hosted the Dalai Lama and the Tibetan exile government since 1959.
- China asserts claim to Tawang, Arunachal Pradesh, as the birthplace of the sixth Dalai Lama.
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