The Registrar-General of India (RGI) announced that the 2027 Census will be the country's first digital Census, conducted in two phases, with data collected electronically via mobile apps and a dedicated web portal for self-enumeration. This digital approach is expected to ensure early availability of Census data, unlike previous exercises that took 2-3 years. The Census will involve a focused publicity campaign and a three-tier training structure for enumerators. Administrative boundaries will be frozen from January 1, 2026, to March 31, 2027. The 2027 Census will also enumerate the caste of household members and can be used as the basis to redraw Lok Sabha constituencies after 2026.
- The 2027 Census will be India's first digital Census, utilizing mobile apps and a dedicated web portal for data collection and self-enumeration.
- The digital methodology aims to ensure early availability of Census data, addressing delays experienced in previous exercises.
- The Census will be conducted in two phases: Houselisting and Housing Census (April 2026) and Population Enumeration (February 2027).
The Election Commission of India (EC) has initiated a Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Bihar's electoral rolls ahead of the Legislative Assembly elections, aiming to address large-scale additions and deletions due to urbanization and migration over the past two decades. This SIR requires every elector to submit an enumeration form, a departure from the previous house-to-house verification. Contentions arise regarding the mammoth task of collecting forms from eight crore voters, the requirement for additional documents beyond Aadhaar for establishing date and place of birth, and the potential exclusion of migrant workers. While proponents argue for accuracy and technology's role, critics highlight the challenges for the underprivileged and migrants, advocating for their inclusion and considering remote voting facilities.
- The Election Commission of India has launched a Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of Bihar's electoral rolls to ensure accuracy amidst rapid urbanization and migration.
- Unlike previous revisions, the current SIR mandates every elector to submit an enumeration form, with additional documents required for those registered after January 2003.
- A key contention is the exclusion of Aadhaar as a standalone proof of date of birth or citizenship, requiring other documents which may pose challenges for the underprivileged.
In the mid-20th century, tuberculosis (TB) was thought to be on the path to elimination in the U.S. and Europe, with declining deaths. However, a resurgence occurred in the 1980s and 1990s due to three main factors: the HIV/AIDS epidemic weakening immune systems, the rise of drug-resistant TB, and higher TB rates among foreign-born populations from high-burden countries. Despite effective treatments, the world was losing the battle against TB, leading the WHO to declare it a "global health emergency" in 1993. The article highlights the importance of detailed data and monitoring to identify reversals in trends and understand underlying causes, which helped in recognizing the links between TB, HIV, and drug resistance. Progress has been made since 2000, but the disease remains a significant global health challenge.
- Tuberculosis, once thought to be declining, saw a resurgence in the 1980s and 1990s in the U.S. due to multiple factors.
- The HIV/AIDS epidemic significantly contributed to the increase in TB cases and deaths by weakening immune systems.
- The emergence of drug-resistant TB strains and higher rates among immigrants from high-burden countries further complicated eradication efforts.
The Khelo Bharat Niti 2025 (National Sports Policy), passed by the Union Cabinet on July 1, 2025, is a significant milestone aimed at transforming sports in India and building a 'Viksit Bharat'. The policy, particularly for football, adopts a five-pillar approach focusing on sports excellence, social development, economic development, people's movement (community sports), and sports in education. India has expressed interest in hosting the 2036 Olympics, indicating its ambition to become a world leader in sports. The policy also addresses the inclusion of Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) talent in national teams, acknowledging the need to strategize within Indian citizenship law and FIFA regulations. Grass-root level development, facilitated by the FIFA Football for Schools (F4S) programme, is making football accessible to children from a young age.
- The Khelo Bharat Niti 2025 (National Sports Policy) aims to transform Indian sports and position India as a global leader, with a focus on football.
- The policy employs a five-pillar approach covering sports excellence, social and economic development, community engagement, and sports in education.
- India's interest in hosting the 2036 Olympics signifies its growing ambition in the international sporting arena.
Palakkad and Malappuram districts in Kerala have intensified efforts to prevent the spread of Nipah virus after an adolescent girl and a 38-year-old woman tested positive, with the girl succumbing to the infection. Health Minister Veena George stated that 383 persons are under observation across Kerala, with 241 in Malappuram and 142 in Palakkad. Additional ICU and isolation facilities have been established in Palakkad, Malappuram, and Kozhikode to manage a potential surge in patients. Psychological counselling is being provided to those in isolation, and health teams are conducting surveillance in affected panchayats. Public awareness campaigns emphasize wearing N95 masks, frequent hand sanitization, and prompt reporting of symptoms.
- Kerala districts of Palakkad and Malappuram have heightened vigilance against Nipah virus after confirmed cases.
- Health Minister Veena George reported 383 individuals under observation across the state, with a significant number in Malappuram and Palakkad.
- Additional ICU and isolation facilities have been set up in key districts to prepare for a potential increase in Nipah patients.
The Fifth Tamil Nadu Police Commission, led by former Madras High Court Judge C.T. Selvam, has urged stringent disciplinary action against police personnel for abuse of authority, including verbal abuse, non-registration of genuine cases, false implication, and biased investigations. The report emphasizes immediate action on custodial deaths, recommending prompt CB-CID investigation for prima facie violence and strict adherence to Supreme Court guidelines from Arnesh Kumar vs. State of Bihar to reduce avoidable arrests. It also suggests training, counselling, and rehabilitation efforts for police to improve public trust and address issues like alcohol addiction, aiming for a more accessible and friendlier police force.
- The Fifth Tamil Nadu Police Commission recommends stringent disciplinary action against police abuse of authority and wrongful handling of suspects.
- Immediate action, including CB-CID investigation, is advised for all custodial death cases, especially if prima facie violence is evident.
- The report stresses strict implementation of Supreme Court guidelines from Arnesh Kumar vs. State of Bihar to reduce unnecessary arrests.
The Union Cabinet approved the Employment-Linked Incentive (ELI) scheme with an outlay of ₹99,446 crore, aiming to create over 3.5 crore jobs. The scheme, implemented by EPFO, offers incentives like first installment payment of ₹15,000 and a savings instrument deposit for new employees. While the RSS-backed Bharatiya Mazdoor Sangh (BMS) welcomed it, other trade unions and industry experts raised concerns about EPFO's role as a custodian of employee savings, potential misuse by employers, and the scheme's effectiveness in addressing economic slowdown or improving workers' purchasing power.
- The ELI scheme aims to create over 3.5 crore jobs with a significant outlay.
- It provides incentives like direct payments and savings deposits for new employees.
- Trade unions express concerns about EPFO's role and potential misuse of funds.
Maharashtra's proposal to make Hindi the third language in primary education (Grade 1 to 5) has ignited a significant debate. The government's move, aimed at aligning with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, faces strong opposition from linguistic groups and political parties, including the MNS, who fear it undermines Marathi's prominence. Supporters argue it promotes national integration, while critics raise concerns about implementation challenges and potential imposition of Hindi.
- Maharashtra government proposes Hindi as the third language in primary education.
- The move is in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020.
- The proposal faces strong opposition from linguistic groups and political parties.
The Tribal Affairs Ministry has refuted claims that the Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006 has led to negative changes in forest cover, as suggested by the State of Forest Report (2022). The Ministry asserts that the FRA is crucial for securing individual and community forest rights, improving forest governance, and promoting sustainable management. It highlights that the Act acknowledges pre-existing rights and empowers local communities, contributing positively to both human well-being and ecological balance.
- The Tribal Affairs Ministry defends the Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006 against claims of forest damage.
- The Ministry emphasizes FRA's role in securing rights and improving forest management.
- It argues that the Act contributes to both ecological balance and community empowerment.
The Supreme Court has amended its staff recruitment rules to introduce reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBCs), Scheduled Castes (SCs), and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in direct staff recruitments. This reform, led by Chief Justice of India B.R. Gavai, extends the benefit of reservation beyond non-judicial staff jobs to physically challenged, ex-servicemen, and dependents of freedom fighters. The decision aligns with previous judgments like the Indra Sawhney case and the R.K. Sabharwal case, aiming for equitable distribution of jobs.
- Supreme Court amends staff recruitment rules to include reservation for OBCs, SCs, and STs.
- Reservation now applies to direct staff recruitments, not just non-judicial jobs.
- The reform extends benefits to physically challenged, ex-servicemen, and dependents of freedom fighters.
A World Bank report indicates that India has significantly reduced inequality and extreme poverty between 2011-12 and 2022-23, making it the fourth most equal country globally. India's Gini Index stands at 25.5, placing it behind Slovakia, Slovenia, and Belarus. Extreme poverty in India dropped from 16.2% to 2.3% during this period. The report attributes this improvement to various initiatives and schemes aimed at reducing inequality and boosting economic inclusion.
- India is ranked as the fourth most equal country globally by the World Bank.
- The country's Gini Index has improved significantly to 25.5.
- Extreme poverty has seen a sharp decline from 16.2% to 2.3% between 2011-12 and 2022-23.
Three districts in Kerala – Malappuram, Palakkad, and Kozhikode – are on high alert following a Nipah virus outbreak, with 425 people currently under observation. The health machinery has intensified efforts to prevent the spread of the virus, focusing on contact tracing and isolation. An adolescent girl from Malappuram and a 38-year-old woman from Palakkad are among the infected. Health Minister Veena George emphasized the need for psychological aid for those under observation and confirmed intensified efforts to find the source of the infection.
- Nipah virus outbreak has led to a high alert in three Kerala districts.
- Over 400 individuals are under observation due to contact with infected persons.
- Health authorities are implementing rigorous contact tracing and isolation measures.
The Kerala High Court's Division Bench, comprising Justices A.K. Jayasankaran Nambiar and P.M. Manoj, has requested a report from the State government regarding the utilization of ₹120 crore in Central funds allocated for the rehabilitation of people affected by the Wayanad landslides in 2024. This directive came after amicus curiae Ranjith Thampan suggested the report. The court also granted the Centre two more weeks to decide on waiving loans for landslide-affected people. The Union Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) is developing a comprehensive disaster management plan (DMP) for its agencies to mitigate natural disasters.
- Kerala High Court sought a report on the utilization of ₹120 crore Central funds for Wayanad landslide rehabilitation.
- The Centre has been given two more weeks to decide on loan waivers for landslide victims.
- The Union Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) is developing a disaster management plan.
The Supreme Court recently reaffirmed the inclusion of "secular" and "socialist" in the Constitution's Preamble, words added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. This legal reaffirmation comes amidst a "deliberate political strategy" by the RSS-BJP establishment to delegitimize India's modern, plural, democratic republic and usher in a communal, hierarchical order. RSS General Secretary Dattatreya Hosabale and Vice-President Jagdeep Dhankhar have called for the removal of these terms, arguing they are alien to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's vision. The article emphasizes the need to resist these attacks through public awareness, legal challenges, and democratic struggle to defend the Constitution's foundational values.
- The Supreme Court upheld the inclusion of "secular" and "socialist" in the Preamble of the Constitution.
- These terms were added by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976, during the Emergency.
- The article alleges a "deliberate political strategy" by the RSS-BJP to dismantle the secular and socialist character of the Indian Republic.
K.M. Khader Mohideen, a leader of the Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) and former editor of Manisudar, has been selected for the Thagaisal Thamizhar Award by the Tamil Nadu government. Chief Minister M.K. Stalin will present the award during the Independence Day celebrations in Chennai. Instituted in 2021, the award honors eminent personalities who have significantly contributed to the welfare of Tamil Nadu and the development of the Tamil community. Mohideen is recognized for his deep understanding of Indian politics and efforts towards communal harmony, having had a long association with former Chief Minister M. Karunanidhi.
- K.M. Khader Mohideen, IUML leader, is the recipient of the Thagaisal Thamizhar Award.
- The award is presented by the Tamil Nadu government during Independence Day celebrations.
- The Thagaisal Thamizhar Award was instituted in 2021 to honor contributions to Tamil Nadu's welfare.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed an event of Indian-origin people in Trinidad and Tobago, highlighting the 35 million strong Indian diaspora as India's pride and "Rashtradoots." He announced that sixth-generation Indian-origin citizens of Trinidad and Tobago would soon receive Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) cards. Modi also congratulated Trinidad and Tobago for being the first Caribbean country to adopt India's UPI system, facilitating financial transfers. The government is creating a comprehensive database of the Girmitiya community and mapping their past to strengthen cultural links with India, especially with regions like Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh.
- Prime Minister Modi emphasized the Indian diaspora's role as "Rashtradoots" and a source of national pride.
- Sixth-generation Indian-origin citizens of Trinidad and Tobago will be granted Overseas Citizens of India (OCI) cards.
- Trinidad and Tobago is the first Caribbean country to adopt India's UPI system.
Tamil Nadu's health sector, despite ranking high in health indicators, faces significant challenges including workforce vacancies, strained resources, and a lack of granular data. The state has achieved notable success in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates and has implemented innovative programs like 'Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam' for doorstep healthcare. However, a substantial number of posts for doctors, nurses, and paramedical staff remain vacant. The article emphasizes the need for a robust information system, improved infrastructure, and better financial and administrative support for the Tamil Nadu Medical Services Corporation and Organ Transplant Authority to sustain and enhance the state's health achievements.
- Tamil Nadu's health sector has achieved high rankings in health indicators but struggles with workforce vacancies and resource strain.
- Innovative programs like 'Makkalai Thedi Maruthuvam' have improved healthcare access and outcomes.
- Significant challenges include a large number of vacant posts for medical staff and a lack of granular data for effective policy-making.
The Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, has launched the BHARAT study ('Biomarkers of Healthy Aging, Resilience, Adversity, and Transitions') to establish India-specific healthy ageing parameters. This initiative aims to map physiological, molecular, and environmental indicators of ageing in the Indian population, addressing the current reliance on Western data which may not be optimal for Indians. The study will create a comprehensive database including genomic, proteomic, metabolic, and environmental biomarkers. Utilizing AI and machine learning, BHARAT seeks to identify early warning signs of age-related changes, enabling proactive interventions and improving the quality of lawmaking and healthcare for India's diverse population.
- The BHARAT study by IISc aims to establish India-specific biomarkers and parameters for healthy ageing.
- It seeks to address the inadequacy of Western-centric ageing data for India's diverse population.
- The study will create a comprehensive database of genomic, proteomic, metabolic, and environmental indicators.
Plastic pollution, particularly microplastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), is identified as a major public health threat in India, the world's largest plastic waste generator. These substances infiltrate human bodies, causing hormonal disruption, reproductive dysfunction, and chronic diseases like cancer and metabolic disorders. Studies show microplastics in 89% of Indian blood samples and EDCs like BPA, phthalates, and PFAS are linked to reduced sperm count, impaired egg quality, and increased disease risk. Despite policies, inconsistent enforcement and lack of comprehensive regulations for low-dose EDC effects persist. The article calls for science-driven regulation, biomonitoring, public awareness, and systemic change to address this staggering health burden.
- Microplastics and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from plastic waste are infiltrating human bodies, causing severe health issues.
- India, as the largest plastic waste generator, faces a significant public health emergency due to these pollutants.
- EDCs like BPA, phthalates, and PFAS are linked to hormonal disruption, reproductive problems, cancer, and metabolic disorders.
The article argues that socialism and secularism are intrinsic to the Indian Constitution's spirit, not mere additions from the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. It criticizes the RSS's call to remove these words, viewing it as an assault on the Republic's foundational vision. The Preamble, Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 38, 39, 41-43), and Fundamental Rights (Articles 14-16, 25-30) all reflect these values. The Basic Structure Doctrine, established in Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), affirms that these principles are inviolable. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar's speeches also reinforce equality as the foundation of these values, making them inseparable from India's democratic fabric.
- Socialism and secularism are foundational values deeply embedded in the Indian Constitution, not just additions from the 42nd Amendment.
- The Preamble, Directive Principles of State Policy, and Fundamental Rights explicitly enshrine these principles.
- The Basic Structure Doctrine, established in 1973, protects these core constitutional values from alteration.
The Election Commission of India's (ECI) Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls is facing criticism due to concerns about the wrongful exclusion of voters, particularly migrant voters. Critics argue that the short duration for verification makes it difficult for migrant populations to be included. The Representation of the People Act, 1950, states that "a person ordinarily resident shall not by reason of absence be ordinarily resident thereafter," implying that long-term migrants should be treated as ordinary residents. The issue is further complicated by the significant number of voting-age population and electoral dynamism in states like Bihar, making careful curation essential to prevent disenfranchisement.
- The ECI's Special Intensive Revision of electoral rolls is under scrutiny for potential exclusion of migrant voters.
- The Representation of the People Act, 1950, defines "ordinarily resident" status, which should apply to long-term migrants.
- The process of electoral roll curation is complex, especially with significant migrant populations and dynamic voter bases.
Indian universities have significantly improved their standing in the QS international rankings, with 54 institutions now in the top 1,500, up from 11 in 2015. IIT Delhi (Rank 123) leads among Indian institutions. This improvement reflects their adaptation to global norms, particularly in student-faculty ratios and international diversity. However, challenges persist, including less emphasis on original research in universities compared to research institutes, and fewer international students and faculty. The article suggests that with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizing research, and increased focus on building global research networks and industry collaborations, Indian universities are poised for further improvement.
- Indian universities have shown significant improvement in QS international rankings, with 54 institutions now in the top 1,500.
- Key parameters for ranking include academic reputation, research impact, diversity, student outcomes, and campus sustainability.
- Challenges remain in areas like fostering original research within universities and attracting international students and faculty.
Despite formal recognition and inclusion in social protection schemes, gig and platform workers in India lack clear statistical visibility in primary labour data sources like the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS). The PLFS subsumes gig work under vague categories such as 'self-employed,' failing to capture its unique nature—multiple job roles, algorithm dependence, lack of formal contracts, and absence of safety metrics. This statistical invisibility hinders evidence-based policymaking, making access to welfare schemes uneven and exclusionary. The article calls for updating PLFS classification codes or introducing specific survey modules to distinctly capture gig work, ensuring inclusive policy for this growing workforce, projected to reach 23.5 million by 2029-30.
- Gig and platform workers, despite formal recognition, lack distinct classification in India's primary labour statistics, such as the PLFS.
- The current classification fails to capture the unique characteristics of gig work, including algorithm dependence and lack of formal contracts.
- This statistical invisibility hinders evidence-based policymaking and makes access to social security schemes uneven and exclusionary for gig workers.
The Union Health Ministry has declared that there is no direct link between COVID-19 vaccination and reports of sudden deaths in India, based on comprehensive investigations by multiple agencies. Studies conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) found no major changes in death patterns compared to previous years, with genetic mutations identified as a likely contributing factor in unexplained cases. Myocardial infarction remains a leading cause of sudden death in young adults. The Ministry emphasized that sudden cardiac deaths result from various factors like genetics, lifestyle, pre-existing conditions, and post-COVID complications, cautioning against speculative claims linking vaccines to sudden deaths.
- The Union Health Ministry, based on ICMR and NCDC investigations, found no direct link between COVID-19 vaccination and sudden deaths.
- Studies indicate that genetic mutations are a likely contributing factor in unexplained sudden deaths, and myocardial infarction remains a leading cause.
- Sudden cardiac deaths are attributed to a range of factors including genetics, lifestyle, pre-existing conditions, and post-COVID complications.