Compulsory voting in India: Feasibility, constitutional rights, and alternatives
The article debates the feasibility of compulsory voting in India, concluding it is neither desirable nor constitutionally sound, despite its potential to increase voter turnout. While voting is essential for democracy, it is not a fundamental or legal duty in India. Implementing compulsory voting would face practical difficulties, impose harsh penalties (as seen in other countries), and potentially violate the fundamental right to freedom of expression under Article 19(1). Instead, the focus should be on fostering voter enthusiasm through innovative campaigns, improving accessibility for migrant workers, and exploring secure remote voting technologies to enhance participation.
Key Points
- Compulsory voting is not a fundamental or legal duty in India and raises constitutional concerns regarding freedom of expression.
- Practical difficulties and harsh penalties associated with compulsory voting make it undesirable and unfeasible for India.
- The Law Commission's 255th report indicated a 7% increase in turnout but linked it to strict enforcement of penalties.
- Alternatives like awareness campaigns, improved accessibility for migrant workers, and remote voting technologies are preferred to increase voter participation.
Exam Facts
- Article 326 of the Constitution grants the right to vote to citizens 18 years and older.
- Section 19 and 62 of the Representation of the People Act, 1950 & 1951, define voter registration and the right to vote.
- Article 19(1) protects the fundamental right to freedom of expression.
- Law Commission's 255th report (2015) discussed compulsory voting.
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