SHANTI Bill 2025 opens India's nuclear sector to private participation while maintaining state oversight
Parliament has passed the Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy in India (SHANTI) Bill, 2025. The Bill ends the monopoly of the Nuclear Power Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) by allowing private firms to own and operate nuclear plants, though NPCIL retains 51% control. It grants statutory status to the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB). The Bill introduces a liability cap for operators and establishes a nuclear liability fund. While aimed at achieving net-zero targets by 2070, critics argue it dilutes accountability and limits public access to information under the RTI Act.
Key Points
- The SHANTI Bill allows up to 49% private participation in nuclear power generation and fuel cycle activities.
- The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is now a statutory body answerable to Parliament.
- A liability cap is set at ₹3,000 crore for large plants, with the government covering excess liability.
- The Bill aims to facilitate the deployment of Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and indigenous reactor designs.
Exam Facts
- SHANTI Bill 2025: Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy in India.
- NPCIL retains 51% stake in joint ventures with private firms.
- Liability cap: ₹3,000 crore for large plants, ₹1,500 crore for medium, and ₹100 crore for SMRs.
Read it. Retain it. Recall it.
Get spaced-repetition flashcards, daily quizzes and offline access — free on Android.