Analysis of the Transition from MGNREGA to the Viksit Bharat-Guarantee and Ajeevika Mission
The article critiques the replacement of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) with the Viksit Bharat-Guarantee and Ajeevika Mission (VB-G RAM G). MGNREGA, enacted in 2005, provided a legally enforceable, demand-driven right to employment. The new 2025 law shifts this to a supply-driven framework, giving the Centre authority over fund allocation and program operation. Critics argue this undermines the 'right to work' and reduces state autonomy. Furthermore, the funding ratio between the Centre and States has changed from 90:10 to 60:40, potentially placing a heavy financial burden on state governments.
Key Points
- MGNREGA was a demand-driven scheme, whereas the new framework is supply-driven, centralizing control.
- The rebranding and restructuring are seen by some as a shift away from a rights-based welfare approach.
- The change in the funding ratio (60:40) may lead states to curtail project approvals due to fiscal constraints.
- The new law was passed without referral to a Parliamentary Standing Committee, raising concerns about democratic processes.
Exam Facts
- Original Act: MGNREGA (2005).
- New Scheme: Viksit Bharat-Guarantee and Ajeevika Mission (VB-G RAM G).
- Funding Ratio Change: From 90:10 to 60:40 (Centre:State).
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