Grasslands as Vital Carbon Sinks for India's Climate Resilience and Soil Health
This article highlights the ecological importance of grasslands, often misclassified as 'wastelands' since the colonial era. Unlike forests, where biomass is above ground, grasslands store significant carbon in their deep, fibrous root systems and soil. Restoring degraded grasslands, such as the Banni Grassland in Gujarat, significantly increases Soil Organic Carbon (SOC). Grasslands support millions of pastoralists and diverse biodiversity. The study emphasizes that grassland restoration is a cost-effective strategy for India to meet its climate goals and improve soil health, moisture retention, and erosion control.
Key Points
- Grasslands store more carbon below ground in roots and soil compared to forests.
- The Banni Grassland stores 27 metric tonnes of carbon up to 30 cm depth.
- Restored grassland sites showed a 50% increase in Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) compared to untreated sites.
- Grasslands are crucial for the livestock economy, valued at over ₹59,000 crore in Maharashtra.
Exam Facts
- Banni Grassland (Gujarat) carbon density: 120 tonnes per hectare.
- CAMPA funds used for restoration of degraded grasslands.
- Livestock economy in Maharashtra valued at ₹59,000 crore.
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