M.S. Swaminathan's pivotal role in mangrove conservation and management
The article highlights M.S. Swaminathan's crucial role in transforming the perception and management of mangroves globally and in India. From 1989, he advocated for mangroves' role in climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, and coastal resource enhancement. His initiatives led to the establishment of the International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME) in 1990 and the development of the GLObal Mangrove database (GLOMIS). He also pioneered a hydro-ecological "fishbone canal method" for mangrove restoration in India, which later evolved into a Joint Mangrove Management programme. These efforts, combined with the recognition of mangroves' role in mitigating natural disasters, have significantly increased India's mangrove cover.
Key Points
- M.S. Swaminathan played a pivotal role in elevating the importance of mangroves for climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction, and coastal ecosystem health.
- His efforts led to the establishment of the International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME) in 1990 and the creation of the GLObal Mangrove database and Information System (GLOMIS).
- Swaminathan introduced the "fishbone canal method" for mangrove restoration, which was adopted and scaled up into a Joint Mangrove Management programme in India.
- The recognition of mangroves' protective role during events like the 1999 Odisha super cyclone and the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami underscored their value.
- India has seen a significant increase in its mangrove cover, with the ISFR 2023 reporting 4,991.68 km², an increase of 16.68 km² since ISFR 2019.
Exam Facts
- M.S. Swaminathan proposed a leading role for mangroves in 1989.
- The International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME) was established in 1990.
- The India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2023 states total mangrove cover is 4,991.68 km².
- World Mangrove Day is observed on July 26.
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